The Missing Percentage of the Universe, Dark Matter and Unknowns
Dark matter is a phenomenon that cannot be directly observed or detected, even though it makes up about 85% of the total mass of the universe. Scientists in astronomy and physics have been studying this mysterious component of the universe, trying to understand the nature of dark matter and its role in the universe.
Dark matter was first proposed in the 1930s by astronomer Fritz Zwicky, who studied the rotational speed of galaxies. Zwicky realized that the apparent mass of galaxies was much less than the masses calculated from their spin rates. This indicated the presence of an invisible form of mass in galaxies. Today, this phenomenon is also used to explain the rotation rates of galaxy clusters and gravitational lensing.
Although dark matter cannot be observed directly, its presence can be indirectly confirmed by gravitational effects on the large-scale structures of the universe. Galaxies and galaxy clusters are held together by the intense gravitational fields of dark matter. This suggests that dark matter plays a fundamental role in the formation of the large-scale structure of the universe.
Scientists use various methods to detect dark matter. One of them is the phenomenon of gravitational lensing. Gravitational lensing occurs when the light from one galaxy or cluster of galaxies is bent and focused by another galaxy. During these events, important information about the presence and distribution of dark matter can be obtained.
Efforts are also underway to detect dark matter directly. For this purpose, underground laboratories have been established in various parts of the world and highly sensitive detectors are being used to detect traces of dark matter particles. Such experiments are being carried out with the aim of directly observing dark matter particles, but so far no conclusive results have been obtained.
Research on dark matter can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the universe. Dark matter, which plays a critical role in understanding the structure, origin and future of the universe, constitutes one of the biggest puzzles of modern physics and cosmology.
